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Peck, O. 1963, A catalogue of the Nearctic Chalcidoidea (Insecta; Hymenoptera). Canadian Entomologist (Supplement) 30:828-831
Small, E.; Brookes, B.S. 1984, Coiling of alfalfa pods in relation to resistance against seed chalcids: additional observations. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 64(3):659-666