The Echinoid Directory

• Test circular in outline.
• Apical disc hemicyclic, with ocular plates I and V usually insert.
• Ambulacral plating polygeminate with 7 to 9 pore-pairs to a compound plate.
• Pore-pairs in arc with arcs separated by row of secondary tubercles.
• Ambulacral zones wider than interambulacral zones at the peristome.
• Interambulacral plates with large central primary tubercle and smaller secondary tubercles.
• Peristome decagonal to circular.
• Globiferous pedicellariae scarce; with single small lateral tooth and no neck.
• Spines about equal to test diameter; cylindrical.

Miocene to Recent; Japan and China Sea.

Toxocidaris crassispina A. Agassiz, 1863, by original designation.

• Only the type species.

Camarodonta, Echinoida, Echinometridae.

Monotypic. Subjective junior synonym of Heliocidaris.

Mortensen (1943) maintained this as a genus distinct from Heliocidaris on the basis that it had very distinctive spicules in its tube-feet. In all aspects of test morphology the two are indistinguishable and consequently Anthocidaris hardly merits separation.

Lutken, C. F. 1864. Bidrag til Kundskab om Echiniderne. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den naturhistoriske Forening i Kjöbenhavn 1863, 69-207.

Nisiyama (1966) reported a questionable specimen of Anthocidaris from the Miocene of Saipan, Japan.

Nisiyama 1966. The echinoid fauna of Japan and adjacent regions. Part 1. Palaeontological Society of Japan, Special Paper 13, 1-491.