Evolutionary biology of the hawk moths
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Hawk moths are among the most magnificent and spectacular of all moths. Their streamlined wings and bodies are perfectly adapted for rapid flight. They are the only moths capable of hovering, which enables them to use their long tongues to sip nectar from deep flowers, such as orchids. The courtship behaviour of hawk moths is as complex as any in the animal kingdom, involving aphrodisiac pheromones, love songs and aerobatic flights. At least, that is the common perception, as exemplified by the cream-lined hawk moth (Elibia dolichus) from south-east Asia. |
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Cream-lined Hawk Moth (Elibia dolichus) |
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However, many hawk moths, such as the ocellate hawk moth (Daphnusa ocellaris), also from south-east Asia, are not like this. Instead, they have stubby bodies, broader wings and fly clumsily. They have no tongues, do not feed as adults, and show little courtship behaviour. In these respects, they closely resemble their relatives, the silkmoths, emperor moths and monkey moths. This research programme is exploring the structure and function of the diverse elements that combine to make the typical hawk moths such a successful group. |
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Ocellate Hawk Moth (Daphnusa ocellaris). |
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Their evolutionary relationships and origins from apparently less illustrious forebears are being investigated using phylogenetic analysis of a variety of data sources, including morphology and DNA. Information on patterns of hawk moth diversity is being used to assess priorities in conservation. Hawk moths are important components of many ecosystems, particularly in tropical countries, where their large size and impressive appearance frequently bring them to the attention of the general public. Hawk moths can be rapidly surveyed and identified and are thus well placed to act in the role of a flagship group for conservation. For further information contact: Dr Ian J Kitching |
