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| Primary hosts |
| Order: Lepidoptera |
| Family: Nepticulidae |
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Nepticula sp.
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Herting, B. 1975, Lepidoptera, Part 1 (Microlepidoptera). A catalogue of parasites and predators of terrestrial arthropods. Section A. Host or Prey/Enemy.
6:18
Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control
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Stigmella sp.
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Boucek, Z.; Askew, R.R. 1968, Hym. Chalcidoidea. Palearctic Eulophidae (excl. Tetrastichinae). Index of Entomophagous Insects
3:121
(Eds: Delucchi, V.; Remaudière, G.)
Le François, Paris
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Stigmella betulicola
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Boucek, Z.; Askew, R.R. 1968, Hym. Chalcidoidea. Palearctic Eulophidae (excl. Tetrastichinae). Index of Entomophagous Insects
3:121
(Eds: Delucchi, V.; Remaudière, G.)
Le François, Paris
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Trjapitzin, V.A. 1978, Hymenoptera II. Chalcidoidea 13. Eulophidae (excl. Tetrastichinae). Opredeliteli Nasekomykh Evropeyskoy Chasti SSR
3:430
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Parasitoid type: Endoparasitoid, larval or nymphal
|
|
|
| Parasitoids |
| Order: Hymenoptera |
| Family: Eulophidae |
|
Chrysocharis laomedon
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Askew, R.R.; Shaw, M.R. 1979, Mortality factors affecting the leaf-mining stages of Phyllonorycter (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on oak and birch. 2. Biology of the parasite species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
67:51-64
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Pediobius alcaeus
|
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Askew, R.R.; Shaw, M.R. 1979, Mortality factors affecting the leaf-mining stages of Phyllonorycter (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on oak and birch. I. Analysis of the mortality factors. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
67(1):58
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Thuroczy, C.; O'Connor, J.P. 2009, Records of Irish Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) including thirteen species new to Ireland. Irish Naturalists' Journal
30(2):124
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Pnigalio longulus
|
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Askew, R.R.; Shaw, M.R. 1979, Mortality factors affecting the leaf-mining stages of Phyllonorycter (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on oak and birch. I. Analysis of the mortality factors. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
67(1):58
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|
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| Associates |
| Family: Formicidae |
|
Formica aquilonia
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Askew, R.R. 1967, A report of the eulophid (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) fauna of two Scottish birch woods. Journal of Natural History
1(4):571-573
[ Author comments that presence of numerous nests of Formica aquilonia and worker ants swarming over the trees apparently had no adverse effect on the number of chalcids or their leaf mining hosts. ]
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| Plant associates |
| Order: not specified |
| Family: Betulaceae |
|
Betula sp.
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Askew, R.R.; Ruse, M. 1974, Biology and taxonomy of the genus Enaysma Delucchi (Hym., Eulophidae, Entedontinae) with special reference to the British fauna. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London
125(3):271,278
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