Annual Review 2024-2025

In the face of a planetary emergency, our place in society has never been more relevant.

NHM150

The future of humanity depends on the natural world, and as a global scientific and cultural leader we’re playing an ever-increasingly important role in securing a future where people and planet thrive.

Nearly 150 years ago, Sir Richard Owen, our founder, had a vision of a ‘cathedral to nature’ that would celebrate life on Earth, inspire the public and fuel scientific research. The Museum currently houses more than 80 million specimens – one of the world’s most important natural history collections. Over the years, more than 200 million visitors have been inspired by the wonders on display. Today, we continue to use our vast reach to engage audiences locally, nationally and globally. As we approach our 150th anniversary, we’re embarking on a bold transformation that will see us become a beacon for protecting, preserving and renewing the natural world long into the future.

Raising £150 million, we’re setting out to renovate our iconic historical building, revolutionise our scientific research and expand our public programmes. We’ll be transforming our stunning Victorian Waterhouse building, restoring its beautiful original features, safeguarding it for the future and improving its sustainability. Through major investment in our scientific research, we’ll enable our scientists, and researchers across the globe, to use the unique collections we care for to find vital solutions for nature, from nature. The ambitious expansion of our public programmes will see us reach new audiences on a national and international scale, physically and digitally, inspiring action and creating advocates for the planet.

In 2024/2025 we started our transformational journey towards NHM150:

In July 2024 we unveiled our newly transformed five-acre gardens – a living embodiment of our vision of a future where people and planet thrive. Now a haven for wildlife in the heart of London, the gardens are an oasis of calm where people can reconnect with nature.

At the beginning of April 2025 we opened our Fixing Our Broken Planet Gallery, our first new permanent gallery in more than nine years. This pioneering gallery, situated in a beautifully restored space in our Waterhouse building, is the ultimate destination for those eager to learn about the threats facing the natural world and the solutions to them. It combines our scientists’ world-leading research with insights from environmentalists and young changemakers on how to better care for the planet.

Over the course of 2024/2025 plans progressed for our new state-of-the-art science and digitisation centre. The collections are at the heart of everything we do, and in order to secure their future, we’re relocating 28 million specimens to a new collections, science and digitisation centre at Thames Valley Science Park. The centre will enable researchers from around the world to tackle urgent environmental issues and to find solutions to global challenges, from biodiversity loss to food security. The move will also free up space at our South Kensington site, allowing us to display more of the collections and to open up parts of our Victorian building that have long been closed to the public.

Visitors

We attracted a record-breaking 6.4 million visitors to our South Kensington site

We welcomed 146,000 visitors to our site at Tring

16 million opted-in visits to our website

10.4 million high-quality video views

Three million social media engagements

Digital

Our cross-platform, multi-media digital content is engaging audiences in our research, taking them behind the scenes at the Museum and bringing them closer than ever before to the collections we care for.

From in-depth articles examining human evolution to features discussing the restoration of seagrass meadows, our written digital content sparks curiosity, inspires action and encourages learning across all ages. While our UK-focused participation content is equipping audiences with the knowledge, skills and passion to take care of nature in their local area.

Our new Naturally Curious online learning platform showcases our cutting-edge research and the expertise of our scientists. The pre-recorded courses led by our world-leading experts cover topics from everything from the biology of snakes to the biodiversity crisis.

We’ve also grown our social media presence and increased our content output across all platforms. As a result, during 2024/2025 we’ve generated three million social engagements and had a record-breaking 10.4 million high-quality video views.

Three advocacy programmes creating advocates for the planet, locally, nationally and globally

Our three innovative and inclusive advocacy programmes are equipping and empowering people, whether they’re individuals, organisations or governments, to push for change and advocate for the planet.

Through our Urban Nature Movement, Fixing Our Broken Planet Programme and Wildlife Photographer of the Year, we’re working with people locally, nationally and globally to create the biggest possible intervention for nature.

Urban Nature Movement

We launched our Urban Nature Movement in summer 2024. Bringing together our scientific, public and policy work, it’s giving people the tools and knowledge to take action to increase biodiversity in urban environments.

Prioritising urban nature like never before, it includes the redesign of our gardens, a groundbreaking data ecosystem, collaborative networks, community science projects and the pioneering National Education Nature Park.

We thank all our funders of our Urban Nature Movement, and in particular express our gratitude to Elgol Fund for Nature and Tioc Foundation.

We transformed our gardens into two outdoor galleries that tell the incredible story of 2.7 billion years of life on our planet. They’ll be one of the most intensively studied urban nature sites of their kind in the world. The inclusion of new technologies, including highly sensitive sound recorders, environmental DNA capture and the novel storing and sharing of large quantities of environmental data, will provide us with unprecedented insights into our changing world.

Prioritising sustainable construction, we found new ways to recycle building waste onsite and committed to a 100%-diesel-free build. We also put environmental considerations at the heart of the design, such as capturing all rainwater onsite to reduce our reliance on external water sources.

The creation of our new gardens was supported by Amazon Web Services, The National Lottery Heritage Fund, Evolution Education Trust, The Cadogan Charity, Garfield Weston Foundation, Kusuma Trust, The Wolfson Foundation, Charles Wilson and Rowena Olegario, Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851, Clore Duffield Foundation, Workman LLP and Accenture.

Read about Fern, our new Diplodocus

Sponsorship from Amazon Web Services has enabled development of a biodiversity monitoring platform Data Ecosystem to store, combine and compare different types of environmental data at scale. It enables researchers to build a deeper understanding of the UK’s urban biodiversity, its composition, how it relates to environmental conditions and how it responds to direct conservation action.

In the future, data will be accessible to researchers at partner institutes across the UK, allowing them to access wildlife data collected from our gardens since 1995. They’ll be able to rapidly and accurately study biodiversity data types alongside environmental data, including soil chemistry, atmospheric chemistry and noise pollution.

One of the primary goals of our Urban Nature Movement is to connect as many people as possible with nature on their doorsteps. To achieve this, we’ve been exchanging ideas, insights and skills with individuals and organisations across the UK.

We created the Urban Nature Network to offer a way to develop nature-focused skills and to learn from and connect with people engaged in nature recovery around the country. The network is going from strength to strength with more than 800 members participating in 2024/2025.

We’ve been collaborating with members of our Urban Nature Network as well as with 12 national museums and more than 22 local community partners to better understand how to help people and nature thrive, reflecting diverse voices, lived experiences and collective ideas.

We’ve sought to amplify young voices by convening three Youth Advisory Panels across the UK. These panels tackled difficult questions about access to nature and focused on solutions to inequalities in access for people from culturally and ethnically diverse backgrounds.

In addition to this, we’ve worked with community groups in London, engaged more than 80,000 people through our digital content and partnered with Groundwork. Supporting practical action to create a fair and green future in which people, places and nature thrive, Groundwork has an established network of engaged communities around the UK.

We successfully recruited 103 new learning volunteers, improving our cohort demographics and increasing the proportion of volunteers from a marginalised ethnicity from 26% in 2022 to 43% in 2024. So far, our new learning volunteers have engaged more than 40,000 visitors in our gardens.

Our national programme Nature Overheard: Tune Into Your Streets has been motivating people to collect information about nature in their local area. Created in collaboration with school students, we wanted to inspire people to get out, look at, listen to and record nature in order to better understand the impact street and road noise has on insect life. An incredible 97K people have submitted data which will contribute towards research being conducted by our scientists.

We’re the lead partner on the National Education Nature Park, which was commissioned as part of the Department for Education’s Sustainability and Climate Change Strategy. Launched in October 2023, this trailblazing programme imagines all education settings as an interconnected green space on a national map. It puts nature at the heart and empowers children and young people to contribute to nature recovery at scale.

More than one in eight schools and colleges across all regions of England have joined the National Education Nature Park programme in its first 18 months. Children and young people at more than 6,000 schools, nurseries and colleges have been exploring their sites, mapping habitats and making improvements, such as adding ponds to encourage wetland wildlife and creating green walls that mitigate hot temperatures in classrooms. They’re also collaborating with scientists on pioneering research, as the data they collect provides vital information on the best ways to tackle the twin crises of climate change and biodiversity loss.

Fixing Our Broken Planet Programme

Our ambitious Fixing Our Broken Planet Programme includes our new permanent gallery, an online climate action tool, our Generation Hope events series, LEGO® Build the Change workshops and much more.

A wide variety of trusts, foundations, companies and individuals are supporting the programme, including the Natural Environment Research Council, which is part of UK Research and Innovation, Wellcome, GSK, and Ørsted.

In April 2025 we opened our Fixing Our Broken Planet Gallery, our first new permanent gallery since 2016. Combining groundbreaking research by our scientists with insights from environmentalists and young changemakers, it explores the biggest challenges facing our planet and empowers people to take action.

The gallery showcases more than 250 specimens, including a Sumatran rhino, parasitic worms and whale earwax. Each one tells an important story about our fragile relationship with the natural world, revealing how our own health is intertwined with the health of every living thing. Visitors are given practical, evidence-based choices they can make and actions they can take to combat the planetary emergency as our demand for food, materials and energy soars.

Situated in our Victorian Waterhouse building, the space’s original features have been revived and sustainable materials and methods used to bring it back into public use. The Department for Culture, Media and Sport’s Public Bodies Infrastructure Fund awarded us significant funding to rebuild the gallery in a way that retained its heritage and charm.

Alongside the opening of the gallery we launched Find Your Climate Action, a new online tool that helps people discover personalised ways to make a positive impact for the planet. From mending their own clothes to switching to a greener bank, users can save their favourite actions and track their progress contributing to a better future for all.

More than 20,000 children have engaged in LEGO® Build the Change partnership activities at our South Kensington site. These activities give children a voice to express their hopes and ideas for a better future and the opportunity to use their creativity to solve real-world challenges with LEGO bricks and other materials.

Our Fixing Our Broken Planet Community of Practice now has more than 240 members. It enables museum and culture sector practitioners to share best practice on how to respond to the planetary emergency, with a focus on engaging and empowering young people. Our research combined with the expertise and reach of regional museums are inspiring conversations nationwide on topics such as biodiversity decline, climate change and pollution.

Generation Hope is an annual programme in collaboration with young climate leaders from around the world. It’s all about empowering young people to stand up for our future and to become planet fixers. It provides a space for scientists, activists and creatives to dive into the biggest challenges facing the planet and to discuss the boldest solutions to these through talks, workshops and storytelling. Participants gain the knowledge, confidence and skills to speak up and take action. This year we engaged with more than 1,000 people onsite and online.

Wildlife Photographer of the Year

Wildlife Photographer of the Year is our global platform for the world’s best nature photography and wildlife photojournalism. Receiving more than 50,000 entries annually, the competition is open to photographers of all ages, nationalities and experience levels.

The winning images are displayed at exhibitions worldwide, helping the public to fall in love with the natural world and to care for its future. By sharing these stunning images and poignant photojournalism, we've helped people to personally connect with the planet’s most endangered species and to foster a better understanding of the complexity and importance of nature.

Celebrating its sixtieth year, our flagship Wildlife Photographer of the Year exhibition opened in October 2024 and was supported by Associate Donor The William Brake Foundation. One hundred fantastic images from 79 photographers were featured, representing 29 different countries.

Through our touring exhibition and outreach activities, we engage millions of people around the world every year, inviting them to celebrate and advocate for the natural world.

Our Wildlife Photographer of the Year 59 touring exhibition closed in March 2025 having reached 1.3 million people across the globe. We were also proud to showcase the Wildlife Photographer of the Year content in several special international displays to spark conversations with policymakers about the importance of nature in the climate debate.

We delivered the Wildlife Photographer of the Year Global Academy Programme in collaboration with the British Council in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. The academy empowers young creatives to confidently connect with nature and begin conversations on how the climate crisis is affecting the areas where they live. Alongside this, it’s teaching young, aspiring wildlife photographers an ethical approach to the discipline as well as environmental conservation practices and the basics of photography.

Following the Academies, some of the participants’ work was exhibited to the public at the Main Botanical Garden in Kazakhstan, and the Tashkent House of Photography in Uzbekistan – attracting over 65,000 visitors.

We’ve also been able to reach new influential global audiences through displays at COP16 in Colombia and COP29 in Azerbaijan as well as audiences in Ethiopia, Senegal, Pakistan, Argentina and Uruguay via the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office. We also had displays at the United for Wildlife Summit in Cape Town, South Africa, as well as at the Earthshot prize.

Special exhibitions

A stellar year for our special exhibitions and new experiences, 2024/2025 saw us open Birds: Brilliant and Bizarre, The River and Visions of Nature.

We welcomed more than 107,000 visitors to our exhibition Birds: Brilliant and Bizarre, supported by Associate Donor Huo Family Foundation. A hoot for all the family, visitors swirled around with a murmuration, chirped along with the dawn chorus, sniffed a stinky seabird egg and got to know our beaked buddies better.

After the success of The Lost Rhino and the Polar Silk Road, we continued our art installation series in our Jerwood Gallery with The River. This captivating art installation by sound artist Jana Winderen in collaboration with sound specialist Tony Myatt was visited by 609,000 visitors. Supported by Jerwood Foundation and The John S Cohen Foundation, it explored the beauty and importance of underwater sound and how human-made noises contribute to sound pollution in our waters.

Opening in October 2024, the immersive experience Visions of Nature was a first of its kind for us. Created in partnership with Microsoft and SAOLA Studio, it’s situated in our Darwin Centre. The experience sees visitors don state-of-the-art Microsoft mixed reality headsets and be transported to the year 2125 to experience a world where people and planet thrive. From cuttlefish swimming by to holding a growing tree seedling in the palm of their hands, they’re surrounded by interactive holographic animations that come to life.

Global touring

Total visitors to our global touring exhibitions in 2024/2025 reached nearly two million for the first time ever, with a remarkable 1.9 million recorded worldwide.

Titanosaur: Life as the Biggest Dinosaur launched in Japan at the Pacifico Yokohama Exhibition Hall and ran from July to October 2024. It welcomed an incredible 250,000 visitors over the three months, with a staggering 12,000 visitors during its opening weekend alone.

Our extraordinary exhibition Fantastic Beasts: The Wonder of Nature ran July to October 2024 at the National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall, Taipei City, Taiwan, delighting visitors.

Jurassic Oceans: Monsters of the Deep opened in March 2025 at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science, USA, and will run through to September 2025.

Collections

Our NHM Unlocked Programme continues to gather momentum as we move toward the exciting milestone of the construction of our new science facility at Thames Valley Science Park, which is due to begin this summer.

This state-of-the-art facility is a key part of our strategy to 2031, housing an incredible 28 million specimens, 5.5 kilometres of library materials and a cutting-edge suite of analytical laboratories. More than just a building, it will provide unprecedented physical and digital access to the collections we care for, all while ensuring they’re safeguarded for generations to come.

In January 2025, the Treasury approved our full business case, confirming government investment of £201 million in the programme. The University of Reading has now commenced the first phase of infrastructure works – laying estate roads and preparing the site for this major new facility.

The Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology announced that we will lead the major new project DiSSCo UK. Funded by UK Research and Innovation, the £155.6-million, 10-year programme will digitise a critical mass of the UK’s natural science collections.

Natural history collections hold information that’s needed to tackle the fundamental scientific and societal challenges of our time, from conserving the biodiversity on which our wellbeing and the planet’s health depend to finding new ways to combat disease and extract mineral resources. Digitising the collections we look after will give the global scientific community access to unrivalled historical, geographic and taxonomic specimen data gathered in the last 250 years.

By the end of 2024/2025, we had 5.98 million specimens on our NHM Data Portal, which has seen 49 billion records downloaded over one million download events since 2015. Our digitised specimen data are cited in an average of three publications per day, on topics from climate change and invasive species to agriculture.

Science

Number of peer reviewed publications:

863

Number of visitor days for visiting researchers:

7,700

Value of major research grants won:

£6.8 million

Number of enquiries to our scientists:

1,945

Our scientists had another bumper year joining teams around the world to identify and describe species of animals, plants and minerals new to science. The list this year totalled 190 newly named organisms and included everything from towering dinosaurs to tiny amphipods, discovered in all manner of environments from the deep sea to a living room in South Wales.

As part of a team of researchers from across the globe, our scientists performed the first in-depth analysis of NASA’s sample returned from the near-Earth asteroid Bennu. They discovered minerals in the sample that had never before been seen in meteorites that have fallen to Earth, revealing that conditions for life were widespread in our early solar system. 

Today, there’s more evidence than ever before to suggest that life could exist beyond our planet. Our newest exhibition Space: Could Life Exist Beyond Earth? based on the world-class meteorite collection we care for and our leading planetary science research explores the fundamental question – are we alone in the universe?

Our scientists have joined an international team of 279 researchers from institutions around the world led by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Together the team has produced a tree of life for flowering plants. The genomic tree accounts for around 90% of all known plant life on land and is the most comprehensive of its kind ever made.

Research by our palaeontologists revealed the most complete dinosaur discovered in the UK in a century.

The specimen is comprised of 149 bones, is around 125 million years old and was found in the cliffs of Compton Bay on the Isle of Wight.

Policy

Beyond our physical site, we’re drawing on our world-leading science and public audience of millions to support evidence-informed environmental decision making.

In 2024, our Policy unit published a new policy brief focused on 30 by 30 – Target 3 of the UN Global Biodiversity Framework to conserve 30% of land and waters by 2030. Using new research from our Biodiversity Futures Lab, the brief showed that current conservation efforts aren’t adequately protecting the land that delivers the most critical ecosystem services nor are they effectively conserving nature in land already protected.

Individual Merit Promotion

The Individual Merit Promotion (IMP) scheme organised by UK Research and Innovation uses a high-level independent panel and peer review for senior staff promotions in a range of UK government-funded research institutions. It involves a rigorous and externally validated process to recognise researchers who’ve made an outstanding personal contribution in their field with significant national and international impact.

We’re delighted to have several of our scientists recognised by the scheme. In addition to these, David Gower has been promoted within the scheme from Level 3 to 2, Richard Herrington has been renewed as Level 3 and Mark Wilkinson has been renewed as Level 2. This is a major recognition of the sustained achievement, talent and hard work of these individuals and is an important mark of esteem for both them and the Museum.

Learning volunteers programme

We designed a new programme to diversify our learning volunteer base and created new opportunities for them to engage visitors in our gardens. Designing new creative hands-on activities has enabled us to recruit more diverse learning volunteers, including individuals with lower confidence or those who don’t consider themselves ‘sciencey’.

To recruit we held taster days in community-based spaces and advertised in community cafes and centres as well as religious spaces to highlight that the offer was open to all. We successfully recruited 103 new learning volunteers, improving our cohort demographics and increasing the proportion of volunteers from a marginalised ethnicity from 26% in 2022 to 43% in 2024. So far, our new learning volunteers have engaged more than 40,000 visitors in our gardens.

Thank you

A big thank you to our generous members, patrons, corporate supporters, individuals, trusts and foundations, various government departments and the wider public sector who’ve all supported us this past year.