Why research nanotoxicity?

Background

Nanotechnology is promising to revolutionise every aspect of modern life, but has also prompted concerns about its potential for harming humans and the environment.

If there are risks, we need to be aware of them

The technological and commercial advantages of using nanotechnologies are so important that many nanomaterials are now produced industrially.

Under current legislation it is not required for these materials to be tested if their bulk counterparts are non-toxic. But could we be opening a Pandora’s Box of problems?

Why might nanomaterials pose a risk?

Nanomaterials have novel properties due to:

• enhanced reactivity when the surface to bulk ratio increases
• quantum effects dominating as particle size decreases

These changes introduce enhanced functionality but also the potential that materials benign in bulk form may be hazardous at the nanoscale.

Also, nanoscale particulate matter is simply more likely to be inhaled, ingested or absorbed and risks from accidental exposure are heightened.

Previous studies have been inconclusive

In recent years, a lot of research has been carried out to assess whether nanoparticles are toxic, but studies are fragmented, and very often contradictory.

Why is there confusion?

• Working with nanoparticles poses difficulties
• Standard toxicology protocols are potentially unsuitable for these materials

How will NaNoRisk scientists overcome these difficulties?

The approach NaNoRisk scientists are taking is to synthesise a suite of different metal and metal oxide nanoparticles with systematically varying physicochemical properties. This will enable potential toxicity to be directly linked to or eliminated from specific properties.

We are currently researching the potential toxicity of nanoparticles and effects on human health and the environment. Find out more about these projects 

NaNoRISK projects