Diatoms
Slide of a group of fossil diatoms from Bori, Hungary in September 1895, viewed under the light microscope using differential interference contrast
What are diatoms?
Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) are a monophyletic group of photosynthetic unicellular organisms.
They are characterised by a unique cell wall of silica, the ‘frustule’. This is essentially in two parts - much like the dish and overlapping lid of a Petri dish - with the cell contained within.
The siliceous cell wall is inert and after the organism’s death these parts preserve exceptionally well. As a result diatoms have an extensive fossil record.
Classification
In the past diatoms were placed among the various algal groups. Currently they are in a heterogenous mix of photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic organisms collectively referred to as Stramenopiles - which include the giant kelps, water moulds and many other unicellular organisms.
-
Habitats and lifestyle
Find out how diatoms live.
-
Diatom research
Diatom research within the Botany Department covers both extinct and existing taxa. Among the projects are a number that focus on diatom biodiversity while others address formation of the unique cell wall.
-
Diatom collections
The Botany Department’s diatom collection is geographically and taxonomically diverse, with all major groups represented and a comprehensive assemblage of fossil specimens.