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The Echinoid Directory

Toreumatica Gray, 1855, p. 39

[=Prymnechinus Koehler, 1927, p. 109, type species Genocidaris apodus Agassiz & Clark, 1906; =Coptopleura Ikeda, 1940, p. 92, type species Coptopleura sema Ikeda, 1940, p. 92 (=Toreumatica reevesii Gray, 1855, p. 39, according to Mortensen, 1943, p. 92) (objective)]

Diagnostic Features
  • Profile low domal, test rather thin and fragile.
  • Apical disc dicyclic; ring of tubercles on genital plates surrounding circular periproct. Anal opening highly excentric within the periproct, offset towards genital plate 1. Suranal plate discernable in juveniles.
  • Ambulacral plating trigeminate, plate compounding echinid. Pore-pairs arranged in near vertical arcs forming a single band displaced slightly from the adradial suture by a row of small tubercles. One primary tubercle to each compound plate except ambitally where a smaller perradial tubercle is developed.
  • Interambulacral plates with central primary tubercle and smaller secondary tubercles on either side; only the primary series continues to the the apex.
  • Primary tubercles imperforate and crenulate.
  • Deep pits at interradial and perradial triple suture junctions; these pits are usually small and lozenge-shaped. Also pits along the adradial suture.
  • Peristomial small with feeble buccal notches; membrane naked except for small buccal plates.
  • Lantern camarodont.
  • Spines short, simple, without cortex.
Distribution
Recent; Indo-West Pacific.
Name gender masculine
Type
Toreumatica reevesii Gray, 1855, p. 39, by original designation.
Species Included
  • T. reevesii (Gray, 1855); Miocene to Recent, Indo-Pacific.
  • T. apodus (Agassiz & Clark, 1906); Recent, Indo-West Pacific.
  • T. decipiens (de Meijere, 1904); Recent, Malay archipelago.
  • T. michaelsoni (Doderlein, 1914); Recent, Australia.
Classification and/or Status

Euechinoidea; Camarodonta; Temnopleuroida; Temnopleuridae.

Subjective junior synonym of Temnopleurus.
Remarks

Distinguished from the type species of Temnopleurus in having the periproct opening strongly excentric in the periproct and a distinct suranal plate. The only test character that helps distinguish these two genera is that sutural pits continuing prominently onto the oral surface in Toreumatica. Mortensen (1943) treated this as a subgenus of Temnopleurus.

Gray, J. E. 1855. Proc. Zool. Soc. 23, p. 39.

Mortensen, T. (1943) A monograph of the Echinoidea Part III.2, Camarodonta 1. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen.