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Bibliography of books and papers of importance in tropical bryologyNB Although this document is rather old (in particular, ignore most of the first paragraph), the prices are out of date and there are many new books that should be added, it is offered as it is until a revised version can be produced. (Brian O'Shea, June 2004). The following bibliography contains references to publications some of which may be difficult to locate. In the UK, the Natural History Museum, London, may be able to provide (quite expensive) photocopies of some of the scientific articles (contact the Library on 0171-938 9123), but copies of most items are held by (or have been seen by) the author of this bibliography, who will be willing to help where possible. Where prices are quoted, these are as at June 1988 or later. The references are in three categories: GeneralAndo, H and A. Matsuo. (1984). Applied Bryology. Advances in Bryology: 2. J. Cramer. [Covers all known uses and potential uses of bryophytes, including medical, ecological (both as erosion controllers and bioindicators) and biochemical.] Caulfield, C. (1985). In the Rainforest. Heinemann, London (Hbk:£10.95) and Pan (Pbk:£3.95). [A journalist's account of the nature and fate of tropical rainforest, with emphasis on man's assault on the forest; very well written, most informative, and hard-hitting.] Davies, S.B. et al. (1986). Plants in danger : what do we know. IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources), Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U.K. Pbk:£15. [This is a mine of information on the flora and vegetation of each country in the world, as a background to conservation requirement, although bryophytes don't get a mention. It will provide a useful starting point for selecting a country and finding pointers to further information.] Greene, S.W. and Harrington A.J. (1989). The Conspectus of Bryological Taxonomic Literature - 2: Guide to national and regional literature. (Bryophytorum Bibliotheca 37). J. Cramer in der Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin and Stuttgart. Pbk:DM120 [The indispensable source for the main bryological literature of countries, regions and islands of the world.] Herzog, T. (1926). Geographie der Moose. G. Fischer, Jena. Reprinted 1975, DM120. [This is out of date, but is still a good introduction to floristics, including the tropics. In German.] Jacobs, M. (1988). The Tropical Rain Forest. Springer-Verlag. Pbk:£20.65. [Original Dutch edition published 1981. A well presented and useful general book on the structure, ecology, physiology etc. of lowland tropical rain forests with an emphasis on S.E. Asia. It specifically excludes other tropical areas, including upland forests, where bryophytes are likely to be in greater abundance and variety.] Longman, K.A. and Jenik, J. (1987). Tropical forest and its environment. 2nd ed. Longman, England. Hbk:£17.50 [Excellent account of rainforest ecology in a small comprehensive format; some emphasis on Africa.] Mitchell, A.W. (1986). The Enchanted Canopy. Fontana/Collins. Pbk:£9.95. [Subtitled 'secrets from the rainforest roof'. Mainly describes animal life, and bryophytes don't get a mention, but lots of beautiful photographs.] Myers, N. (1984). The Primary Source: Tropical Forests and our Future. Norton and Co. [An important and influential book about the importance of tropical forests to the world. The book contains all the information and arguments you will need to justify a trip to the tropics.] O'Shea, B.J. (1985). Bryological Societies and Working Groups. Bryological Times 31: 7-8. [A list of all known bryological societies and working groups, giving basic information and contact points.] Perry, D. (1986). Life Above the Jungle Floor. Simon and Schuster. [A popular account of a biologist's discoveries in the tree tops of a Costa Rican jungle, including creating a tree top platform and a network of ropes from which he hung to observe the wildlife.] Pócs, T. (1982). Tropical forest bryophytes. In: A.J.E. Smith (ed.), Bryophyte Ecology. Pp. 59-104. Chapman and Hall, London (Hbk:£50). [This is an excellent account of tropical bryophyte ecology, that fills out the more general picture provided by Jacobs (1981) and Whitmore (1984). It gives some idea of what species can be expected in different habitats in different parts of the tropics. Along with Richards (1984), essential.] Richards, P.W. (1952, 5th reprint with corrections 1975). The Tropical Rain Forest. Cambridge University Press. Hbk:£40; Pbk:£22.50. [The classic text - and written by a bryologist - but a more academic approach than Jacobs (1981); still indispensable.] Richards, P.W. (1984). The ecology of tropical forest bryophytes. In: R.M. Schuster (ed.), New Manual of Bryology Vol. 2, pp. 1233-1270. Nichinan. [Complements Pócs (1982), based on wider geographical area, and with a more detailed review of epiphylls.] Vitt, D.H., Gradstein S.R. and Iwatsuki Z. (1985). Compendium of Bryology. (Bryophytorum Bibliotheca Bd. 30). Verlag J. Cramer, Braunschweig. [A world listing of herbaria, collectors, bryologists and current research - based on data gathered in 1983-4.] Walter, H. (1971). Ecology of tropical and subtropical vegetation. Ed. J. Burnett, Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh. [This book deals with high mountains, savannas, deserts, etc., which are not dealt with in Jacobs, Richards and Whitmore.] Whitmore, T.C. (1984). Tropical Rain Forests of the Far East. (2nd ed.) Clarendon Press, Oxford. Pbk:£25; hbk:£50. [Of general, world-wide interest, despite the title. Rather more academic than Jacobs (1981), and more up to date on literature than Richards (1952).]
IdentificationAbeywickrama, B.A. (1960). The genera of mosses of Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sci. (Bio. Sci.) 3(1):42-122. [Like other generic keys (e.g. Griffin and Morales (1983), Van der Wijk (1958), Van der Wijk and Chopra (1966)), this is not easy to use, as it requires knowledge of 'phylogenetic' characters that are often difficult to observe.] Bartram, E.B. (1939). Mosses of the Philippines. Philipp. J. Sci. 68. Reprint Hbk:DM135. [A useful book for Malaysia as well as the Philippines. The recent reprint is unfortunately very expensive.] Bartram, E.B. (1949). Mosses of Guatemala. Fieldiana: Botany 25. Chicago Natural History Museum. [A useful book for all parts of tropical America, well-written and easy to use, with good keys, descriptions and illustrations. Still available quite cheaply via the Missouri Botanical Garden, although the nomenclature is somewhat outdated.] Breen R.S. (1963). Mosses of Florida. University of Florida Press, Gainesville. [Florida has a relatively small number of tropical mosses, but this book has good short descriptions and quite good illustrations of most of the common mosses of the Caribbean region.] Brotherus, V. (1924). Musci (Laubmoose). In: Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, Bd. 10, 11. Engelmann, Leipzig. Reprint, 1978: DM394. [A world-wide summary of all moss families and genera, with brief keys to species.] Crum, H.A. and Steere, W.C. (1957). Mosses of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. N.Y. Academy of Sciences 7(4). [Useful for the Caribbean.] Eddy, A. (1988). A Handbook of Malesian Mosses Volume 1: Sphagnales to Dicranales. British Museum (Natural History). Pbk:£15. [The first of five parts. Indispensable, containing keys, descriptions, illustrations and habitat and distribution data.] Fleischer, M. (1902-1922). Die Musci der Flora von Buitenzorg. 4 vols. E.J. Brill, Leiden. (Reprinted in two volumes, 1976. Hbk:DM400). [This is strictly speaking a moss flora of Java, but it covers a large part of the Eastern tropics and is (according to P.W. Richards) "by far the best tropical moss flora ever written, though now of course somewhat out of date".] Florschütz, P.A. (1964). Musci of Suriname, Part 1. (Flora of Suriname, Vol. 6 Part 1). E.J. Brill, Leiden. Pbk:DM48. [This is one of the best tropical moss floras, and includes most of the acrocarpous mosses likely to be met with in the lowlands of the Guianas and Amazonia.] Florschütz-De Waard, J. (1986). Musci, Part 2. (Flora of Suriname, Vol. 6 Part 1.) Pbk:DM38. [Continuation of Florschütz (1964). Includes three families of pleurocarps, including Hookeriaceae.] Gradstein, S.R. (1989). A key to the Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. The Bryologist 92(3): 329-348. [A key emphasising vegetative characters for 237 species in 92 genera of liverworts and hornworts recorded from Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands; also useful for other parts of tropical America.] Greene, S.W. and Harrington A.J. (1988). The Conspectus of Bryological Taxonomic Literature - 1: Index to monographs and regional reviews. (Bryophytorum Bibliotheca 35). J. Cramer in der Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin and Stuttgart. Pbk:DM120 [A world-wide list of taxonomic literature, presented alphabetically by genus and family.] Griffin, D. and Morales, M.I. (1983). Keys to the genera of mosses from Costa Rica. Brenesia 21: 299-323. [Useful key to genera of Central America - over 200 genera are dealt with.] Schofield, W.B. (1985). Introduction to Bryology. Macmillan. Hbk:£35. [Particularly useful for the circumscriptions of each family, which may help in preliminary identifications.] Van der Wijk, R. (1958). Precursory studies on Malaysian Mosses II. A preliminary key to the moss genera. Blumea 9: 142-186. [Usefully generally for tropical Asia.] Van der Wijk, R. and Chopra, R.S. (1966). A preliminary key to the genera of Indian mosses. Res. Bull. Panjab Univ. (N.S.) 17:149-191. [See comments on Abeywickrama (1960) regarding generic keys.] Whittier, H.O. (1976). Mosses of the Society Islands. University of Florida Presses, Gainesville. [Good for Pacific Island genera, even if the species are different.]
Expeditions and CollectingBlashford-Snell, J. and Ballantyne, A. (1977). Expeditions, the Experts' Way. London. [A standard 'how to do it' book.] Chapman, R. (1988). Tropical Forest Expedition Manual. (3rd ed.). Expedition Advisory Centre (1 Kensington Gore, London SW7 2AR). Pbk. £5. [The EAC is jointly administered by the Royal Geographical Society and the Young Explorer's Trust, and provide an information and training service. This manual is designed for those with limited expedition experience, who are intending to visit a relatively unexplored tropical rain forest area. It covers dress and equipment, movement and navigation, camping and cooking, local assistance, air supply, and some guidance on research topics, as well as appendices on photography and reference sources.] Croat, T.B. (1979). Use of a portable propane gas oven for field drying plants. Taxon 28: 573-580. [Of most use to those with well-financed logistics.] Delgadillo M., C. (1987). Additional recommendations for bryologists visiting the tropics. Taxon 36: 289-291. [Particularly aimed at professional botanists, and their relations with tropical colleagues during visits, but of relevance to anyone who wants to collect. An addendum to Mori and Holm- Nielson (1981).] Eastman Kodak. (1986). Tropical Photography. Kodak Publication C-24. [Seven pages of advice on care of equipment and materials, exposures, processing and dealing with fungus. This item is also included as an Appendix to Chapman (1988).] Edwards, S.R. (1986). Bryophyte collecting and plant photography. University of Hull Department of Geography Miscellaneous Series 30: 65-72; 102-108. 2 fig. [Describes collecting and photography in Cameroun.] Frahm, J.-P. and Gradstein, S.R. (1986). An apparatus for drying bryophytes in the field. Bryological Times 38: 5. [Describes a home-made, portable aluminium frame with a wire mesh shelf, weighing 2.5 kg in total, heated with a kerosene stove, used in Borneo and South America.] Gifford, N. (1983). Expeditions and Exploration. Macmillan, London. [A book with lots of lists (e.g. what to take, what to put in your medical kit etc.), and advice from those who have planned expeditions or gone on them. An extensive bibliography.] Greene, S.W. (1986). Keeping them dry. Bryological Times 38:6. [Describes how to keep dried specimens dry by adding silica gel to the polythene bags of dried specimens, on a trip to Chilean rain forests.] Fosberg, F.R. and Sachet, M.-H. (1965). Manual for tropical herbaria. (Regnum Vegetabile 39). International Association of Plant Taxonomy, Utrecht. [A very detailed account of herbarium management in the tropics. Covers collecting and labelling as well as herbarium techniques, procedures and administration.] Hatt, J. (1985). The Tropical Traveller. Pan, London. Pbk:£3.95. [Preparation, equipment, money problems, health, exploring, etc. A very cheap way to get a feel for the problems.] Long, D.G. (1982). Collection and preservation of bryophytes in Arabia. Bull. Emirates N. H. Gp (Abu Dhabi) 18: 18-19. [A brief guide to recognising bryophytes, collecting, packeting, drying and labelling.] Mori, S.A. and Holm-Nielson, L.B. (1981). Recommendations for botanists visiting neotropical countries. Taxon 30: 87-89. [Aimed at professional botanists. See also Delgadillo (1987) for elaboration of the more specifically bryological points.] O'Shea, B.J. (1989). A guide to collecting bryophytes in the tropics. British Bryological Society Special Volume No. 3. 1-30. British Bryological Society, Cardiff. [A guide aimed at those who have not previously collected in the tropics, covering preparation, habitats, collecting (including labelling and keeping them dry), identification and a bibliography.] Schofield, W.B. (1985). Collecting bryophytes and processing for study. Appendix A (pp 387-391) of Introduction to Bryology. Macmillan. Hbk:£35. [A useful general summary of where and when to collect, collecting tools and methods, observations on fresh material, labelling, packeting, filing and storage. Also included in 'Identification' section.] Steere, W.C. (1944). Instructions to naturalists in the Armed Forces for botanical field work: No. 3 The collecting of mosses and liverworts. Supplement to Company D Newsletter. 1-13. Company D, 3651 S.U. Department of Botany, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA. [Covers how to collect, where to look, how to document etc. A previous (and quite successful) attempt to cover a similar area to O'Shea (1989), but now out of date in its approach to collecting.] ter Steege, H. and Cornelissen, J.H.C. (1988). Collecting and studying bryophytes in the canopy of standing rain forest trees. In J.M. Glime (ed.) Methods in Bryology, pp. 285-290. Hattori Botanical Laboratory, Nichinan. [Briefly reviews possible methods of tree climbing and gives details of the method the authors used in French Guiana - using various rope climbing techniques, which are described. Several bryophyte species new to Guyana were found in the canopy.] Brian O'Shea, December 1989 TBG05/tropbib Issue 1 - 30.12.1989 - BJO
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